“Development and Characterization of Polyphenol-Loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles from Coffea arabica and Evaluation of Antioxidant Activity”

Abstract

Polyphenol nanocarriers from Coffea arabica were processed byionotropic gelation with chitosan to enhance natural polyphenol's therapeutic efficacy. Hydroalcoholic extract Hydroalcoholic extraction was performed and total phenolic content of the extract was found to be 185 mg GAE/g supplement, thus high amount of active phenolic contents were present in the extracts (Folin-Ciocalteu method). Chitosan nanoparticles were fabricated using the ionotropic gelation technique with chitosan and sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP). We designed three different formulations (F1-F3) according to the concentration of the polymers and the cross-linkers. The developed nanoparticles were characterized for entrapment efficiency, particle size, polydispersity index and zeta potential. The entrapped efficiency increased from 72% to 81% in the case of F3 where the maximum encapsulated efficiency was noted. In the optimized formulation, there is a reduction in particle size from 178 nm to 128 nm with higher uniformity and stability. The alysis showed a biphasic nature with sustained release characteristics as long as 24 hours, as seen with the in-vitro release profile. DPPH radical scavenging activity demonstrated that the nanoformulation exhibited higher antioxidant activity than the crude extract, with maximal inhibition at 94.7%. The data clearly elaborates about the effectiveness of nanoencapsulation in improving Coffea arabica polyphenols physicochemical properties as well as antioxidant potential. The nanoformulation prepared can be considered as a new modality to enhance the functional delivery of natural bioactive compounds.