Spectral Efficiency Evaluation of Massive MIMO System using Cognitive Radio Networks
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Abstract
The increasing demand for high-speed wireless communication and the limited availability of spectrum have driven the need for more efficient spectrum utilization techniques. Massive Multiple Input Multiple Output (Massive MIMO) and Cognitive Radio Networks (CRNs) are two promising technologies that address these challenges. Massive MIMO improves spectral and energy efficiency by employing a large number of antennas at the base station, enabling simultaneous transmission to multiple users through spatial multiplexing. On the other hand, CRNs allow secondary users to access underutilized licensed spectrum bands without interfering with primary users, thereby enhancing spectrum efficiency dynamically.
This paper presents a comprehensive evaluation of the spectral efficiency of a hybrid communication system that integrates Massive MIMO with CRNs. The study investigates the system performance under various parameters such as the number of antennas, users, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and spectrum sensing accuracy. Simulation results show that the integration of CRNs with Massive MIMO significantly improves spectral efficiency compared to standalone systems, especially under low primary user activity and accurate spectrum sensing. This hybrid approach demonstrates a robust solution for future wireless networks, including 5G and beyond, by ensuring higher throughput, reduced interference, and efficient use of spectral resources. The paper also highlights challenges and future directions for practical deployment.
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