Numerical Simulation of Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) Fluid Flow Over A Stretching Surface
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Abstract
An incompressible electrically conducting fluid's constant two-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) boundary layer flow across a continuously extended surface is numerically examined in great depth in this study. These flows are often used in applications such as molding polymers, rolling metal, making glass fiber, cooling stretched sheets, and MHD-based flow control devices. When a transverse magnetic field is applied, Lorentz forces are exerted, and momentum transfer in the boundary layer is drastically altered. In this research, the momentum and mass conservation nonlinear partial differential equations are expressed in terms of boundary layer approximations, and then, by use of similarity transformations, they are reduced to a set of nonlinear ordinary differential equations. A fourth-order Runge Kutta method is used numerically to solve these modified equations by a shooting strategy. The effect of important physical factors, such stretching and magnetic ones, on the velocity distribution and thickness of the boundary layer is studied in detail. Important insights into MHD flow control mechanisms are provided by the quantitative results, which demonstrate that the extension surface increases the near-wall velocity and the working magnetic field inhibits fluid flow.
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